1. The 2025 UN Climate Change Conference (COP30) will be hosted by:
A) Brazil
B) UAE
C) Germany
D) Japan
Answer: A
2. The headquarters of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is located in:
A) Nairobi
B) New York
C) Geneva
D) Paris
Answer: A
3. The main greenhouse gas responsible for global warming is:
A) Oxygen
B) Carbon dioxide
C) Nitrogen
D) Helium
Answer: B
4. The Paris Climate Agreement was adopted in:
A) 2012
B) 2015
C) 2018
D) 2020
Answer: B
5. The ozone layer is mainly found in the:
A) Troposphere
B) Stratosphere
C) Mesosphere
D) Thermosphere
Answer: B
6. The Kyoto Protocol is related to:
A) Trade
B) Climate change
C) Space research
D) Nuclear energy
Answer: B
7. The largest rainforest in the world is:
A) Congo Basin
B) Amazon Rainforest
C) Sundarbans
D) Taiga Forest
Answer: B
8. The Amazon rainforest is mainly located in:
A) Africa
B) Asia
C) South America
D) Europe
Answer: C
9. The term “carbon footprint” refers to:
A) Soil erosion
B) Total greenhouse gas emissions
C) Water pollution
D) Noise pollution
Answer: B
10. The main cause of acid rain is:
A) Oxygen and nitrogen
B) Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides
C) Carbon monoxide
D) Methane
Answer: B
11. The Montreal Protocol deals with:
A) Plastic waste
B) Ozone depletion
C) Nuclear waste
D) Oil spills
Answer: B
12. The first Earth Summit was held in:
A) New York
B) Rio de Janeiro
C) Paris
D) Tokyo
Answer: B
13. The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in:
A) 1992
B) 1997
C) 2005
D) 2010
Answer: B
14. The main source of ocean plastic pollution is:
A) Fishing nets
B) River runoff and land waste
C) Oil drilling
D) Sea animals
Answer: B
15. The largest ocean on Earth is:
A) Atlantic Ocean
B) Indian Ocean
C) Arctic Ocean
D) Pacific Ocean
Answer: D
16. The main gas responsible for ozone depletion is:
A) CO₂
B) CFCs
C) Methane
D) Oxygen
Answer: B
17. The term “global warming” was first popularized in:
A) 1950s
B) 1970s
C) 1990s
D) 2000s
Answer: B
18. The Green Climate Fund is associated with:
A) IMF
B) World Bank
C) UNFCCC
D) WTO
Answer: C
19. The largest desert in the world is:
A) Sahara
B) Gobi
C) Thar
D) Kalahari
Answer: A
20. Deforestation mainly leads to:
A) Increased rainfall
B) Soil erosion and climate change
C) Oxygen increase
D) Reduced CO₂
Answer: B
21. The UNFCCC stands for:
A) United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
B) United Nations Forest Control Council
C) Universal Nature Federation
D) None
Answer: A
22. The most abundant greenhouse gas is:
A) Carbon dioxide
B) Water vapor
C) Methane
D) Nitrous oxide
Answer: B
23. The major cause of biodiversity loss is:
A) Tourism
B) Habitat destruction
C) Education
D) Astronomy
Answer: B
24. The Clean Development Mechanism is part of:
A) Kyoto Protocol
B) Paris Agreement
C) Montreal Protocol
D) Basel Convention
Answer: A
25. The Basel Convention deals with:
A) Climate change
B) Hazardous waste movement
C) Air pollution
D) Wildlife protection
Answer: B
26. The primary renewable energy source is:
A) Coal
B) Solar energy
C) Petroleum
D) Natural gas
Answer: B
27. Wind energy is converted using:
A) Generators
B) Wind turbines
C) Engines
D) Boilers
Answer: B
28. The most polluting fossil fuel is:
A) Natural gas
B) Coal
C) Uranium
D) Hydrogen
Answer: B
29. The term “sustainable development” was popularized by:
A) Kyoto Protocol
B) Brundtland Report
C) Paris Agreement
D) Rio Declaration
Answer: B
30. The Brundtland Commission was established in:
A) 1983
B) 1990
C) 2000
D) 2010
Answer: A
31. The main cause of smog is:
A) Soil dust
B) Vehicle emissions
C) Rainfall
D) Volcanoes only
Answer: B
32. The largest coral reef system is:
A) Red Sea Reef
B) Great Barrier Reef
C) Caribbean Reef
D) Maldives Reef
Answer: B
33. Coral bleaching is caused by:
A) Cold water
B) High temperature
C) Salinity decrease
D) Oxygen increase
Answer: B
34. The main component of biogas is:
A) Oxygen
B) Methane
C) Hydrogen
D) Nitrogen
Answer: B
35. The Kyoto Protocol came into force in:
A) 2000
B) 2005
C) 2010
D) 2015
Answer: B
36. The International Solar Alliance was launched in:
A) Paris
B) New Delhi
C) Tokyo
D) London
Answer: B
37. The main purpose of afforestation is:
A) Urbanization
B) Planting trees
C) Mining
D) Fishing
Answer: B
38. The largest freshwater lake is:
A) Lake Victoria
B) Lake Superior
C) Caspian Sea
D) Lake Baikal
Answer: B
39. The deepest lake in the world is:
A) Lake Baikal
B) Lake Tanganyika
C) Lake Superior
D) Lake Michigan
Answer: A
40. The main cause of marine oil pollution is:
A) Fishing
B) Oil spills
C) Rainfall
D) Waves
Answer: B
41. The term “El Niño” refers to:
A) Earthquake
B) Ocean warming
C) Cyclone
D) Volcano
Answer: B
42. La Niña is associated with:
A) Cooling of Pacific Ocean
B) Heating of Pacific Ocean
C) Drought only
D) Earthquakes
Answer: A
43. The IPCC stands for:
A) International Pollution Control Commission
B) Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
C) International Power Climate Council
D) None
Answer: B
44. The IPCC was established in:
A) 1988
B) 1992
C) 2001
D) 2015
Answer: A
45. The main cause of groundwater depletion is:
A) Rainfall
B) Over-extraction
C) Snowfall
D) River flow
Answer: B
46. The largest source of methane emission is:
A) Forests
B) Agriculture and livestock
C) Oceans
D) Mountains
Answer: B
47. The Greenhouse Effect is caused by:
A) Reflection of sunlight
B) Trapping of heat by gases
C) Earth rotation
D) Wind
Answer: B
48. The Earth Day is celebrated on:
A) April 22
B) June 5
C) March 8
D) October 16
Answer: A
49. World Environment Day is observed on:
A) June 5
B) July 5
C) May 5
D) August 5
Answer: A
50. The theme of World Environment Day 2025 focuses on:
A) Space pollution
B) Land restoration
C) Ocean trade
D) Nuclear safety
Answer: B
51. The most water-polluting industry is:
A) Textile
B) IT
C) Education
D) Banking
Answer: A
52. E-waste mainly contains:
A) Organic waste
B) Toxic metals
C) Water
D) Soil
Answer: B
53. The largest carbon emitter country is:
A) USA
B) India
C) China
D) Russia
Answer: C
54. The main renewable energy used in Pakistan is:
A) Nuclear
B) Hydropower
C) Coal
D) Oil
Answer: B
55. The Indus River Dolphin is found in:
A) Nile
B) Indus River
C) Amazon
D) Ganges only
Answer: B
56. The main cause of soil pollution is:
A) Fertilizers and pesticides
B) Rain
C) Sunlight
D) Wind
Answer: A
57. The Montreal Protocol was signed in:
A) 1985
B) 1987
C) 1990
D) 1995
Answer: B
58. The Arctic ice is melting mainly due to:
A) Solar storms
B) Global warming
C) Earthquakes
D) Volcanoes
Answer: B
59. The main gas in LNG is:
A) Methane
B) Oxygen
C) Hydrogen
D) Nitrogen
Answer: A
60. Renewable energy does NOT include:
A) Solar
B) Wind
C) Coal
D) Hydropower
Answer: C
61. The ozone hole was first discovered over:
A) Africa
B) Antarctica
C) Asia
D) Europe
Answer: B
62. The main cause of climate change is:
A) Natural cycles only
B) Human activities
C) Earth rotation
D) Ocean waves
Answer: B
63. The term biodiversity refers to:
A) Climate
B) Variety of life forms
C) Soil type
D) Weather
Answer: B
64. The largest mangrove forest is:
A) Sundarbans
B) Amazon Delta
C) Nile Delta
D) Mekong Delta
Answer: A
65. Mangroves help in:
A) Desert formation
B) Coastal protection
C) Earthquakes
D) Mining
Answer: B
66. The main cause of desertification is:
A) Reforestation
B) Overgrazing
C) Rainfall
D) Snowfall
Answer: B
67. The Earth’s average temperature rise is called:
A) Cooling effect
B) Global warming
C) Solar heating
D) Wind change
Answer: B
68. The main source of air pollution in cities is:
A) Vehicles
B) Rivers
C) Mountains
D) Forests
Answer: A
69. The Kyoto Protocol targeted reduction of:
A) Water use
B) Greenhouse gases
C) Population
D) Trade
Answer: B
70. The Paris Agreement aims to limit temperature rise to:
A) 1°C
B) 2°C
C) 3°C
D) 4°C
Answer: B
71. The term “carbon sink” refers to:
A) CO₂ source
B) Forests absorbing carbon
C) Factories
D) Vehicles
Answer: B
72. The largest source of renewable energy globally is:
A) Wind
B) Solar
C) Hydropower
D) Nuclear
Answer: C
73. The main cause of ozone depletion is:
A) CO₂
B) CFCs
C) Oxygen
D) Hydrogen
Answer: B
74. The Green Revolution impacted mainly:
A) Industry
B) Agriculture
C) Education
D) Transport
Answer: B
75. The main environmental treaty for biodiversity is:
A) CBD
B) WTO
C) IMF
D) NATO
Answer: A
76. The Convention on Biological Diversity was adopted in:
A) 1992
B) 2000
C) 2010
D) 2020
Answer: A
77. The main cause of climate refugees is:
A) War
B) Climate change
C) Education
D) Trade
Answer: B
78. The most energy-efficient transport is:
A) Car
B) Bicycle
C) Plane
D) Truck
Answer: B
79. The main gas in landfill emission is:
A) Oxygen
B) Methane
C) Nitrogen
D) Helium
Answer: B
80. The Earth’s protective layer is:
A) Troposphere
B) Ozone layer
C) Lithosphere
D) Hydrosphere
Answer: B
81. The main cause of water scarcity is:
A) Rainfall
B) Overuse and pollution
C) Snowfall
D) Rivers
Answer: B
82. The largest hydroelectric dam is:
A) Three Gorges Dam
B) Tarbela Dam
C) Hoover Dam
D) Itaipu Dam
Answer: A
83. The main environmental organization is:
A) WTO
B) UNEP
C) IMF
D) WHO
Answer: B
84. The main pollutant from industries is:
A) Oxygen
B) Chemical waste
C) Water vapor
D) Nitrogen
Answer: B
85. The main effect of deforestation is:
A) More oxygen
B) Climate imbalance
C) More rainfall
D) Less erosion
Answer: B
86. The Paris Agreement was signed in:
A) 2010
B) 2015
C) 2020
D) 2022
Answer: B
87. The main source of renewable energy in deserts is:
A) Wind and solar
B) Coal
C) Oil
D) Gas
Answer: A
88. The main cause of urban smog is:
A) Trees
B) Vehicles and industries
C) Rain
D) Rivers
Answer: B
89. The term “eco-system” means:
A) Only animals
B) Interaction of living and non-living things
C) Only plants
D) Only water
Answer: B
90. The main gas responsible for climate warming is:
A) Oxygen
B) CO₂
C) Nitrogen
D) Helium
Answer: B
91. The largest contributor to deforestation is:
A) Mining and agriculture
B) Tourism
C) Education
D) Fishing
Answer: A
92. The main renewable energy policy promotes:
A) Fossil fuels
B) Clean energy
C) Deforestation
D) Mining
Answer: B
93. The main cause of acid rain is:
A) CO₂ only
B) SO₂ and NOx
C) Oxygen
D) Hydrogen
Answer: B
94. The most important climate summit is:
A) G20
B) COP Conference
C) NATO Summit
D) ASEAN
Answer: B
95. The main purpose of carbon trading is:
A) Increase pollution
B) Reduce emissions
C) Increase oil use
D) Stop forests
Answer: B
96. The Arctic region is mainly affected by:
A) Desertification
B) Ice melting
C) Earthquakes
D) Mining
Answer: B
97. The main renewable energy source for islands is:
A) Coal
B) Solar
C) Diesel
D) Nuclear
Answer: B
98. The main cause of air pollution indoors is:
A) Trees
B) Cooking fuels and smoke
C) Rain
D) Soil
Answer: B
99. The Paris Agreement focuses on:
A) Trade
B) Climate change mitigation
C) War
D) Technology only
Answer: B
100. The ultimate goal of environmental protection is:
A) Industrial growth
B) Sustainable development
C) Urban expansion
D) Mining expansion
Answer: B